To view this page ensure that Adobe Flash Player version 10.0.0 or greater is installed.
¡NUESTRA SALUD HOY! UN LIBRO de G Ê AFICAS ACTUALIZANDO LOS DATOS de SALUD de COMUIDAD LATINO/HISPANA en el ÁREA DE ROCHESTER A CHARTBOOK OF UPDATED DEMOGRAPHIC AND HEALTH DATA OF THE LATINO/HISPANIC COMMUNITY IN THE ROCHESTER AREA Finger Lakes Health Systems Agency October 2004 Copyright, October 2004 by Finger Lakes Health Systems Agency Rochester, NY The text of this publication, or any part thereof, may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, storage in an information retrieval system, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the Agency. FLHSA Nuestra Salud Hoy Page i Table of Contents List of Maps/Figures .........................................................ii Introduction ................................................................1 Nuestra Salud Hoy Highlights ................................................2 Demographics.........................................................2 Access to Care.........................................................2 Mortality..............................................................3 HIV/AIDS............................................................3 Maternal and Child Health................................................3 Comparisons with National Hispanic Populations ...............................4 Population.............................................................5 Access to Care - Health Insurance.........................................8 Access to Care - Preventive Services.......................................16 Access to Care - Ambulatory Care Sensitive Admissions......................17 Diabetes.......................................................18 Asthma........................................................20 Mortality.............................................................21 HIV/AIDS...........................................................28 Maternal and Child Health ..............................................29 End Notes .................................................................39 FLHSA Nuestra Salud Hoy Page ii List of Maps/FiguresPage Map 1Hispanic Population Growth 1990 to 20005 Map 2Percent of Population of Hispanic Origin by Census Tract6 Figure 1Population by Age (Monroe Count, 2000)7 Figure 2Persons Living in Poverty 19997 Figure 3Persons Living in Poverty by Age (Genesee Finger Lakes Region, 1999)7 Figure 4Source of Health Insurance Coverage (Monroe County Adults ages 18-64)8 Figure 5Discontinuously Insured (Monroe County Adults ages 18-64, Currently Insured)9 Figure 6Employer Contribution to Insurance (Monroe County Uninsured Working ... more.
Adults ages 18-64)10 Figure 7No Regular Doctor (Monroe County Adults Ages 18-64)11 Figure 8No Regular Source of Care (Monroe County Adults ages 18-64)11 Figure 9Usual Source of Care (Monroe County Adults ages 18-64)12 Figure 10Emergency Room Use - Past Year (Monroe County Adults ages 18-64)12 Figure 11Unable to Get Needed Care Past Year (Monroe County Households)13 Figure 12Postponing Needed Medical Care (Monroe County Adults ages 18-64)13 Figure 13Reason for Not Getting/Postponing Care (Monroe County Adults ages 18-64)13 Figure 14Unable to Get Needed Dental Care (Monroe County Adults ages 18-64)14 Figure 15Dental Care Access (Monroe County Children <18 years old)14 Figure 16Med Modification Because of Cost (Monroe County Adults ages 18-64 w/Meds for Chronic Condition)15 Figure 17Use of Preventive Services (Monroe County Adults ages 18-64)16 Figure 18ACS Hospitalizations (Monroe County)17 Figure 19Diabetes Hospitalizations (Monroe Co.
Age 45+ - 3- Year Avg. Rates)18 Figure 20Diabetes Hospitalizations (Monroe Co. - 3 Year Avg.
Rates)18 Figure 21Diabetes Mortality Rates (Genesee-FL Region - 3-Year Avg. Rates)19 Figure 22Asthma Hospitalization Rates (Monroe County - 3-Year Avg. Rates)20 Figure 23Mortality Rates (Genesee-FL Region - 3-Year Avg.
Rates)21 Figure 24Mortality Rates (Genesee-FL Rates - 3-Year Avg. Rates)22 Figure 25Hispanic Mortality Rates (Genesee-LF Region - 3-Year Avg. Rates)23 Figure 26Mortality by Cause of Death (Monroe County Latinos, 1999-2001)24 Figure 27Mortality by Cause of Death (Monroe County White/non Hispanic, 2001)24 Figure 28Homicide Mortality Rates (Genesee-FL Rates - 3-Year Avg.
Rates)25 Figure 29Male Hispanic Homicide Rated (Genesee-FL Region - Historical & Projected)25 Figure 30Heart Disease Mortality Rates (Genesee-FL Rates - 3-Year Avg. Rates)26 Figure 31Health Disease Mortality Rates (Genesee-FL Rates - Historical & Projected)26 Figure 32Cancer Mortality Rates (Genesee-FL Rates - 3-Year Avg. Rates)27 Figure 33Cancer Mortality Rates (Genesee-FL Rates - Historical & Projected)27 Figure 34New AIDS Cases in Rochester Region by Race/Ethnicity by Year of Diagnosis (Excluding Poisoners)28 Figure 35Persons Living with HIV/AIDS (Finger Lakes Region - December 2001- Excluding Prisoners)28 Figure 36Live Births (Genesee-Finger Lakes Region Latinas)29 Figure 37Live Birth Rates (Genesee-FL Region - 3-Year Avg.
Rates)29 Figure 38Early Prenatal Care Rates (Genesee-FL Region - 3-Year Avg. Rates)30 Figure 39 Late or No Prenatal Care Rates (Genesee-FL Region - 3-Year Avg. Rates)30 Figure 40Adequacy of Prenatal Care Utilization (Monroe County, 1998-2000)31 Figure 41Low Birthweight (Genesee-FL Region - 3-Year Avg.
Rates)32 Figure 42Low Birthweight (Genesee-FL Region - Historical & Trend)32 Figure 43Perinatal Mortality Rates (Genesee-FL Region - 3-Year Avg. Rates)33 Figure 44Infant Mortality Rates (Genesee-FL Region - 3-Year Avg. Rates)34 Figure 45Out of Wedlock Birth Rates (Genesee-FL Region - 3-Year Avg.
Rates)35 Figure 46Teen Birth Rates (Genesee-FL Region)36 Figure 47Lead Poisoning Risk, Monroe County (For Children under 6)37 FLHSA Nuestra Salud Hoy Page 1 Introduction In September 1999, the Hispanic Health Coalition, in conjunction with the Finger Lakes Health Systems Agency released Nuestra Salud, to the community. Nuestra Salud was a comprehensive assessment of the health status of Hispanics in the Rochester area, based on available health data and the perspectives of community leaders. Since 1999, the Greater Rochester community has used Nuestra Salud as a resource in the development of health interventions and community based programs to meet the needs of the Hispanic community 4ranging from simply making sure that health information materials are provided in Spanish to offering comprehensive programs to address disparities in rates of health insurance coverage, diabetes mortality and HIV infection rates.
Nuestra Salud Hoy, provides updated health status information based on the most recent available data and highlights disparities and socio-demographic issues that have either changed significantly since 1999 or that have persisted in the Latino community. Review of the information contained in Nuestra Salud Hoy will quickly lead the reader to realize that there is much work still to be done. Nuestra Salud Hoy does not contain new recommendations.
The recommendations contained in Nuestra Salud regarding the collection and analysis of data by race and ethnicity, the delivery of culturally competent and diverse health care and the development of health services specifically targeting the health disparities affecting the Latino community are still relevant. FLHSA Nuestra Salud Hoy Page 2 Nuestra Salud Hoy Demographics C The Hispanic population in Monroe County increased by nearly 50% during the 1990s 3 to almost 40,000 people. C In some portions of the City of Rochester, Latinos constitute a majority of the population; it is important that appropriate, culturally effective health care services are available in Spanish.
C The Hispanic population is young relative to the White/non-Hispanic population; this youthfulness has an impact on what types of health care services are needed. C Almost 40% of Hispanic youth in the region are poor and thus are at higher risk for inadequate nutrition, substandard housing, exposure to environmental hazards, and decreased access to and use of health care services. Access to Care C One in five Hispanic adults is uninsured; lack of insurance is a significant barrier to obtaining medical care.
C One in three Hispanic adults does not have a regular doctor and thus lacks a consistent source of preventive care. C Latinos were twice as likely as White/non-Hispanics to indicate cnot enough time d and ctransportation d as reasons for not getting or postponing needed health care, raising issues of Rochester bus routing, which requires most individuals to take at least two buses to reach many destinations. C Almost 40% of Hispanic children had no dental care in the previous year.
C Over 40% of Hispanic adults taking medications for chronic conditions do not fill their prescriptions and/or take smaller doses than prescribed because of cost, a situation which can result in increased Emergency Department visits, hospitalizations, and doctor visits, and reduced quality of life. C Latinos receive fewer preventive services than White/non-Hispanics in a number of areas 3 diabetes, heart disease, women 9s cancer, flu shots 3 which can lead to increased morbidity and mortality among Latinos. C The Ambulatory Care Sensitive (ACS) hospitalization rate for Monroe County Latinos, though declining, is more than 50% higher than for White/non-Hispanics, reflecting inadequate primary care.
C The Hispanic diabetes (an ACS condition) mortality rate is higher than ever before, highlighting the need for consistency in testing and medication and for Spanish diabetes health education materials. FLHSA Nuestra Salud Hoy Page 3 Mortality C The Hispanic mortality rate has decreased since its 1996 peak; however, the long-term trend (since 1980) is upwards. C The Hispanic heart disease mortality rate is static, while the White/non-Hispanic rate is decreasing, showing the need for preventive care and education.
C Overall the Hispanic homicide mortality rate is declining; however, it is on the increase among young Hispanic males, demonstrating the need for prevention initiatives. HIV/AIDS C The rate of new AIDS cases diagnosed among Latinos has declined by two-thirds since the 1993-1995 period (as have AIDS diagnoses among White/non-Hispanics). C Latinos are six times more likely to be living with HIV/AIDS than White/non-Hispanics, emphasizing the need for culturally appropriate primary and secondary prevention and care.
Maternal and Child Health C The receipt of early prenatal care has essentially remained constant since 1995; less than two-thirds of Hispanic mothers receive early prenatal care. Almost one in five Latinas receives inadequate formal prenatal care, stressing the need for culturally appropriate programs. C The rate of Hispanic low birthweight babies is decreasing.
C The Hispanic infant mortality rate has increased since the mid-1990s; attention to risk factors 3 premature birth, smoking during pregnancy, inadequate prenatal care, teen pregnancy 3 is needed. C The Hispanic teen birth rate has decreased substantially, though it is still four times higher than the White/non-Hispanic rate, highlighting the need for appropriate support and social programs. C Half of Hispanic pre-schoolers in Monroe County are living in neighborhoods where they are cin extreme risk d or cat high risk d of lead poisoning; early detection, effective treatment, and removal of lead contamination is crucial.
1 Health outcomes among Hispanic subgroups: data from the National Health Interview Survey, 1992-1995 FLHSA Nuestra Salud Hoy Page 4 Comparisons with National Hispanic Populations C Monroe County Latinos are younger than Latinos nationally. C Latinos in the Genesee-Finger Lakes Region are 50% more likely to be poor than Latinos nationally. C Compared to Hispanic adults nationally, Hispanic adults locally are less likely to have no usual source of health care (16% vs.
30%). C Hispanic children locally are about as likely as children nationally to have had a dental visit in the previous year. C Local Hispanic overall mortality rates are similar to national mortality rates as are mortality rates for heart disease, cancer, and flu & pneumonia.
C Local Hispanic diabetes mortality rates are substantially lower (about 30%) than national rates. C Local Hispanic homicide mortality rates are almost double the national rates; local HIV/AIDS mortality rates are 2.5 times national rates; local suicide rates are 2.7 times national rates. C Compared to Latinas nationally, local Latinas: -Have a lower cfertility rate d; -Are less likely to get early prenatal care; -Are more likely to have late or no prenatal care; -Are about as likely to have a low birthweight baby; -Have a higher (and increasing) infant mortality rate; -Have a higher out-of-wedlock birth rate; -Have similar teen birth rates.
In making comparisons, the difference in the Hispanic origins of the local and national populations must be recognized. Two-thirds of the local Hispanic population is